{"id":4733,"date":"2025-10-21T12:14:41","date_gmt":"2025-10-21T10:14:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ifmc.al\/?p=4733"},"modified":"2025-10-21T12:34:38","modified_gmt":"2025-10-21T10:34:38","slug":"ovarian-cysts-diagnosis-and-treatment","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ifmc.al\/en\/ovarian-cysts-diagnosis-and-treatment\/","title":{"rendered":"Ovarian Cysts: Diagnosis and Treatment"},"content":{"rendered":"

Many women encounter the term "ovarian cyst" at some point in their lives and often feel anxious upon hearing this diagnosis. However, in most cases, Ovarian cysts are common, benign, and go away on their own.<\/strong> without the need for surgical treatment. It is important that they are detected and monitored in time to avoid possible complications.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

IN Family Hospital<\/strong>, gynecology specialists use the most advanced diagnostic technology<\/strong> to accurately distinguish the type of cyst and determine the most appropriate treatment for each patient. This article will help you better understand what ovarian cysts are, how they are diagnosed, what are the signs that should be taken seriously, and what are the modern treatment options.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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What are ovarian cysts?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

A ovarian cyst<\/strong> is a fluid-filled sac that forms on or inside one of the ovaries. The ovaries are the organs that produce eggs and the female hormones \u2013 estrogen and progesterone.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cysts can be functional (natural)<\/strong> OR pathological (related to hormonal disorders or specific diseases)<\/strong>. The distinction between them is essential in deciding whether observation alone or medical treatment is required.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The most common types of ovarian cysts<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1. Functional cysts<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

These are the most common and appear during the menstrual cycle as part of the normal ovulation process. They usually disappear on their own within a few weeks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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  • Follicular cysts:<\/strong> They form when the ovary does not release an egg during ovulation and fluid accumulates in the follicle.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Luteal cysts:<\/strong> They appear after ovulation, when the corpus luteum fills with fluid instead of breaking down.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    2. Pathological cysts<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    These cysts require more careful attention, as they can be associated with diseases such as: endometriosis<\/strong>, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)<\/strong> or with benign or malignant tumor mass<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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    • Endometriomas (endometriosis cysts):<\/strong> They contain old blood and are associated with pain during menstruation.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Dermoid cysts:<\/strong> They contain various tissues (hair, fat) and are usually benign, but require surgical removal.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Cystadenoma cysts:<\/strong> They are filled with fluid or mucous material and can grow to large sizes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

      What are the signs and symptoms of ovarian cysts?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

      In many cases, cysts they do not show symptoms<\/strong> and are discovered incidentally during a routine gynecological ultrasound. However, some women experience:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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      • Mild pain or a feeling of pressure in the lower abdomen<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • Changes in menstrual cycle (delay, unusual bleeding)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • Abdominal bloating or discomfort<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • Pain during sexual intercourse<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • Increased need to urinate<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • Nausea or general feeling of fatigue<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

        In more severe cases, such as cyst rupture (rupture)<\/strong> OR twisting of the ovary (ovarian torsion)<\/strong>, symptoms can be severe and require immediate intervention:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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        • Sudden and very severe abdominal pain<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • Fever, nausea, or vomiting<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • Fainting or feeling of loss of consciousness<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

          If any of these symptoms appear, you should go to the emergency room immediately<\/strong>, as these are situations that could endanger your life.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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          Diagnosing ovarian cysts<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

          IN Family Hospital<\/strong>, the diagnosis is carried out with precision and care<\/strong>, combining modern technology with the experience of gynecologists.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          1. Transvaginal ultrasound<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

          This is the most important examination<\/strong> to assess the size, shape, and contents of the cyst. Ultrasound helps to distinguish whether it is a simple or complex cyst.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          2. Blood tests<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

          They include the measurement of hormones (FSH, LH, estradiol, progesterone)<\/strong> as well as tumor markers such as ca 125<\/strong>, which help to rule out any malignant process.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          3. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

          In certain cases, it is used to confirm the nature of the cyst<\/strong> when ultrasound does not provide sufficient information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          4. Periodic control<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

          The doctor may recommend monitoring every 4\u20136 weeks<\/strong> to see if the cyst has shrunk, is stable, or has grown over time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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          \"ovarian<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

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          Treatment of ovarian cysts<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

          The type of treatment depends on several factors:<\/p>\n\n\n\n